Genetic Engineering

• DNA


  Deoxynucleic Acid (DNA), the blueprint for life, polymer of nucleotides, composed of 4 DNA bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, thymine), guides protein synthesis
• Protein synthesis


  Guided by DNA, involves transcription in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm
• DNA bases


  • Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine, Thymine
• DNA bases pairing


  • Adenine pairs with Thymine, Guanine pairs with Cytosine
• Genetic code


  Each consecutive bases on mRNA is a codon that specifies an amino acid
• Codons


  Groups of three nucleotides in mRNA that correspond to specific amino acids
• nucleotides 


  repeatedly joined together to form a DNA strand
• Methionine 


  in eukaryotes, it also specifies the amino acids
• mRNA


  it transcribes the DNA
• mRNA


  direct result of transcription
• codons


  Transfer RNA's bind during translation
• Function of DNA


  it controls the production of cell
• What happens in the process of translation?

  A polypeptide is formed as dictated by the nucleotide sequences in mRNA
• Transformation 


  Process of the uptake of recombinant plasmids into bacteria cells