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Cards (13)
Descriptive
Statistics
Provides a summarized and organized characteristics and distribution of
values
in one or more
datasets
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Data set
A collection of
responses
or observations from a sample or entire
population
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Types of Descriptive Statistics
Distribution
Central Tendency
Variability
(Also Called
Dispersion
)
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Distribution
Datasets consist of a distribution of scores or values
Statisticians use graphs and tables to summarize the frequency of every possible value of a variable, rendered in percentages or numbers
Statisticians depict frequency
distributions
as either a graph or as a table
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Central Tendency
Measures of central tendency estimate the
center
, or
average
, of a data set
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Measures of Central Tendency
Mean
Median
Mode
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Mean
The most common method for finding
averages
, calculated by adding all the
response
values together and dividing the sum by the number of responses
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Mode
The most
frequent
response value in a
dataset
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Median
The value in the precise center of the dataset when arranged in
ascending
order
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Variability (Also Called
Dispersion
)
The measure of how
spread out
the responses are in a
dataset
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Aspects of Variability
Range
Standard Deviation
Variance
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Range
The difference between the
highest
and
lowest
values in a dataset
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Calculating Standard Deviation
1. List the scores and their means
2. Find the
deviation
by
subtracting
the mean from each score
3. Square each
deviation
4. Total up all the
squared
deviations
5. Divide the total by the number of scores
6. Take the square
root
of the result
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