Sociology unit 2

• Talcott parsons functionalists model of the family

  clear division of labour between spouses such as husband having the instrumental role and the wife having the expressive role
• Jonathan Gershuny states in the march of progress view that women working full time is leading to what 


  more equal division of labour in the home
• Feminist view in the march of progress view 


  Women going into paid work has not led to greater equality in division of domestic labour while women carry a dual burden as British Social attitudes show
• Feminist view of the march of progress due to there being little signs of the NEW MAN explain further

  New man does equal share of housework and childcare
• Feminists have noted that women often require to perform emotion work whats emotion work


  Emotion work is responsible for managing emotions aswell as their owns
• Jean duncombe argues women have to perform a triple shift


  Housework,paid work and emotion work
• Explaining gender division of labour theres 2 types

  Cultural/ideaological explaination of/material or economic explaination of inequality
• Cultural ideaological of inequality meaning


  division of Labour determined by patriachal norms+values shape gender roles in culture
• Cultural/ideaological explanation of inequality women perform what


  Women perform more domestic labour simply as this is what society expects and socalises
• Material or economic explaination of inequality 


  Women generally earn less than men meaning economically rational for women to do housework
• Evidence for cultural explanation explained

  Equality will be achieved only when norms about gender roles changed
• evidence for cultural explanation Gershuny


  Found couples whose parents had more equal relationship more likely to to sharehousework
• evidence for material explanation

  If women join labour force earn as much as their partners should expect men and women
• Kan found out what

  every 10000 year more a woman earns she does 2 hours less housework per week
• Recources+decision making in household Michelle Barret and Mary Mclntosh say men gain far more from womens domestic work than they give back in financial support
• Michelle barret and mclntosh says who is allowed to spend items

  its men
• Money management Pahl and Vogler identified 2 main types of control over family income

  Allowance System and pooling
• Allowance system
• Allowance system


  Men give wives an allowance out of which they have to budget to meet famillies needs men retain any surplus income for himself
• Pooling


  Both partners have access to income and joint responsibility for expenditure e.g joint bank account
• Pooling is on the increase and its what

  The most common money management
• Personal life perspective on money they focus on what

  meanings couples give to who control the money
• User and gratification model states media has a what effect on audience

  weak
• user and gratifications model views audience as

  active thinkers
• users and gratification model states it emphasises 


  on audience use media in their own way to satisfy their needs