psych

• psychological development: changes in the way people think, feel, and behave as they grow older
• factors of psychological development: cognitive, emotional and social
• hereditary factors: genetics passed down from biological parents to offspring
• environmental factors: arise from an individuals physical and social surroundings
• nature = genetics
• nurture = environment
• biopsychosocial model: a model that explains mental health problems in terms of biological, psychological, and social factors
• biological factors: internal genetics e.g. genetic predispositions, medication, nutrition, sleep and hormones
• psychological factors: internal factors pertaining to an individuals mental processes and emotions e.g. emotions, thoughts, self-esteem and memories
• social factors: external factors relating to an individuals interactions with their environment e.g. education, social norms and family
• mental wellbeing is an individual's current state of mind
• high levels of functioning: adaptive, independent and productive
• low levels of functioning: unable to cope and tired
• attachment theory is the bond between individuals
• culturally responsive practises is to act in a way that responds to diverse community needs
• you can show culturally responsive practises by respect, listening, services (accessible, approachable, acceptable, accommodating, affordable and appropriate) and in the correct context
• secure attachment: strong and healthy bond between infant and caregiver, where infant is comforted and reassured when distressed
• secure attachment can lead to sense of trust, secure in one's emotions, and ability to adapt
• insecure attachment can lead to craving or rejection, increased anxiety, and inability to express emotions
• insecure-avoidant fears intimacy and avoids contact
• insecure anxious can develop dependency and is clingy
• emotional development is continuous lifelong development of skills which allow for control, expressions and recognition of emotions
• cognitive development is the development of mental processes over the lifespan
• social development is the development of certain skills, attitudes, relationships and behaviours that enable an individual to interact with others
• the biopsychosocial model reflects how biological, psychological and social factors interact to influence psychological development and wellbeing
• typical behaviour: an activity that is consistent with how an individual usually behaves
• atypical: an activity that is unusual or unnatural according to how an individual usually behaves
• psychological criteria: social norms, cultural perspectives, statistical rarity, personal distress and maladaptive distress
• critical periods: specific time frames in development when a child must learn a particular skill
• sensitive period: extended time frames where an individual is more open to developing certain skills
• social norms: what society deems appropriate e.g. expectations
• cultural perspectives: values and ideas of a community
• personal distress: emotional reactions
• maladaptive behaviour: inability to adapt to changing environments
• statistical rarity: outlier that does not fit in with 'normal' expectations
• normality: the state of having thoughts, feelings and behaviours considered common and acceptable
• abnormality: the state of deviating from the norm, usually in an undesirable way
• neurotypicality: a term used to describe individuals who display expected neurological and cognitive functioning
• neurodiversity: variations in neurological development and functioning
• approaches to normality: socio-cultural, functional, historical, statistical, situational and medical