psych

• Positive Reinforcement


  Presenting a rewarding stimulus after a desired behavior is exhibited, making the behavior more likely to occur in the future
• Negative Reinforcement


  Removing an aversive stimulus after a desired behavior, making the behavior more likely to occur
• Central Route Persuasion


  Presenting information logically and directly to persuade someone, effective when the audience is motivated and capable of processing the message
• Peripheral Route Persuasion


  Using cues like attractiveness or celebrity endorsement to persuade someone, bypassing critical evaluation of the message itself
• Foot-in-the-door Phenomenon


  Getting a person to agree to a large request by first setting them up with a smaller request
• Superordinate Goal


  Setting a goal that can only be achieved by working together, encouraging cooperation and reducing intergroup conflicts
• Conformity


  The tendency to adjust one's behavior or thinking to match those of others in a group, encouraged through social pressure or the desire for acceptance
• Obedience


  The tendency to comply with authority figures, encouraged through clear and authoritative instructions
• Social Identity


  The part of an individual's self-concept that comes from their membership in social groups, leading to ingroup bias
• Ingroup Bias


  The tendency to favor one's own group over others, leading to stereotypes and discrimination against outgroups
• Self-fulfilling Prophecies


  When a person's belief about others leads them to behave in a way that confirms that belief
• Victim Blaming


  When the victim of a negative event or circumstance is held responsible for it, influenced by schemas
• Projection


  When individuals attribute their own thoughts, feelings, and motives to others, leading to misunderstandings and conflicts
• Proximity


  People are more likely to form relationships with those who are physically close to them, as they have more opportunities to interact and get to know each other
• Mere Exposure Effect


  People tend to develop a preference for things merely because they are familiar with them, leading to liking someone more as they spend more time together
• Physical Attractiveness


  Physical attractiveness can influence initial attraction and play a role in the formation of romantic relationships, but its importance may diminish over time
• Similarity


  People are often attracted to others who are similar to them in attitudes, values, and interests, leading to a sense of connection and understanding
• Passionate Love


  Characterized by intense emotions, physical attraction, and idealization of the partner, contributing to the initial stages of a relationship
• Companionate Love


  Characterized by affection, trust, and deep intimacy, developing over time and contributing to the long-term stability of a relationship