Blood, Heart and Blood Vessels

• What is plasma mostly made up of?

  Water.
• What colour is plasma?

  Pale yellow.
• Where is urea made?

  The liver.
• What is urea?

  Excess protein.
• What is the shape of red blood cells?

  Biconcave shape.
• Why are red blood cells shaped the way they are?

  To allow for increased surface area (for transporting oxygen).
• Where are RBC's made?

  In the bone marrow of long bones.
• What happens to RBC's when they mature?

  Their nucleus dies.
• What 4 parts make up blood?

  Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets.
• Why don't red blood cells respire?

  They contain no mitochondria.
• Where are RBC's broken down?

  The liver and spleen.
• Where is bile made, stored and released?

  Made in the liver, stored in the gallblader and released in the duodenum.
• What is the function of RBC's?

  To transport oxygen.
• What are the function of bile?

  To emulsify fats and neutalise foods from the stomach.
• What is the duodenum?

  The first part of the small intestine.
• What is homeostasis?

  Maintaining a constant internal environment.
• What organelles do white blood cells contain?

  Nucleus and mitochondria.
• What is said about the size of WBC's?

  They are twice the size of red blood cells.
• Where are white blood cells made?

  In the bone marrow.
• What is the function of white blood cells?

  To fight infection.
• What are the 2 main typees of WBC's?

  Lymphocytes and Monocytes.
• What is the function of lymphocytes?

  They make antibodies to fight off disease.
• Where are platelets made?

  In the bone marrow.
• What is the function of platelets?

  To clot the blood.
• What is blood type group AB known as?

  The universal recipient.
• What is blood type group O known as?

  The universal donor.
• What does it mean to be rhesus positive? (Rh+)

  Some red blood cells can have an antigen on their surface called antigen D / the rhesus factor.