American Honors History

• Slave Labor-

  not all Southern owned slaves, only the ultra rich owned large numbers salves, the plantation system is the driving force behind the institution of slaves.
• 1860 less than 12% of planters owned 20 or more slaves. Less that 1% owned 100 or more slaves.
• Slave Life-

  fear and social division are at the core of the slave system.
• Many slave owners used harsh punishments in order to keep fear instilled in the slaves and to increase work:

  • whippings
  • the box
  • sold away from family
• Runaway-

  some runaway individually many followed the Underground Railroad
• Northeast-

  becomes very industrsil
• 1830 and 1860

  4.3 million immigrants flood into America, all looking for opportunities
• What resurgence occurred after World War I?

  Xenophobia and racism
• What was the Red Scare?

  A fear of communism in the U.S.
• Who took over Russia in 1919?

  Vladimir Lenin
• What did Lenin turn Russia into?

  The Soviet Union (USSR)
• What was formed in the U.S. during the Red Scare?

  Communist Party
• How many members did the IWW have during the Red Scare?

  Approximately 70,000
• What caused widespread panic among the American public?

  Bombs mailed to politicians and businessmen
• Who was the Attorney General during the Palmer Raids?

  1. Mitchell Palmer
• What was the aim of the Palmer Raids?

  To take down perceived enemies of the U.S.
• Who was appointed head of the FBI?

  1. Edgar Hoover
• Who did the Palmer Raids target?

  Communists, socialists, anarchists, and immigrants
• What civil rights violations occurred during the Palmer Raids?

  Raids on homes and offices without trial
• What happened to public support for the Palmer Raids?

  It declined when no evidence was found
• Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?

  Charged with armed robbery and murder
• What was the nationality of Sacco and Vanzetti?

  Both were Italians
• What were Sacco and Vanzetti's political beliefs?

  Open anarchists
• What was the outcome of the trial for Sacco and Vanzetti?

  They were found guilty and executed
• What was the public reaction to the Sacco and Vanzetti case?

  It caused nationwide and worldwide outrage
• What did the AFL pledge during WWI?

  Not to promote strikes
• How many strikes occurred in 1919?

  Over 3,000 strikes
• How many Americans quit their jobs during the strikes?

  Over 4 million Americans
• What did employers accuse strikers of?

  Communism
• What was the Boston Police Strike about?

  Officers protested for raises and unionization
• Who sent the National Guard during the Boston Police Strike?

  Massachusetts Governor Calvin Coolidge
• What happened to the protestors during the Boston Police Strike?

  They were fired and replaced
• What was the Steel Mill Strike about?

  Workers wanted shorter hours and living wages
• What did U.S. Steel Corporation refuse to do during the Steel Mill Strike?

  Meet with unions
• What did companies hire to counter the Steel Mill Strike?

  Strikebreakers
• What happened to striking workers during the Steel Mill Strike?

  Police and troops attacked them
• What was the outcome of the Steel Mill Strike?

  Steel companies reduced work hours
• What was the Coal Miners Strike about?

  John L. Lewis defied court orders
• Who became the new head of UMWA?

  John L. Lewis
• What did President Wilson do during the Coal Miners Strike?

  Intervened and increased miners' wages